Uma esfera metálica, carregada com carga – 30 mC, é aproximada de outra esfera idêntica descarregada que está conectada a uma lâmpada (50 W – 10 V); e essa, por sua vez, à terra, por meio de fios ideais e capacitância desprezível.

Durante o movimento ordenado de elétrons no processo de carga, para um intervalo de tempo de 0,04 ms, a corrente é considerada constante e o brilho da lâmpada normal.

Nesse mesmo intervalo de tempo, tem-se que a carga, em mC, adquirida pela esfera neutra vale:

Duas barras lineares, A e B, de coeficientes de dilatação \( \alpha \)_A e \( \alpha \)_B, respectivamente, ambas de comprimento inicial igual a L₀, são dispostas vertical e paralelamente. Desse modo, ficam separadas por uma distância horizontal também igual a L₀, conforme a figura a seguir.

Eleva-se, então, a temperatura das duas barras em \( \Delta\theta \). Nesse momento, é fixada sobre as barras, nos pontos 1 e 2, uma plataforma, formando um plano inclinado, sobre o qual um bloco de dimensões desprezíveis é abandonado, a partir do repouso, no ponto 1, como ilustra a figura seguinte.

Entre o bloco e a superfície da plataforma, os coeficientes de atrito, estático e cinético são iguais a µ. Considere que a temperatura das barras permaneça constante durante todo movimento do bloco e que no local a aceleração da gravidade seja igual a g.

Nessas condições, a velocidade do bloco ao passar pelo ponto 2, vale:

Termômetros de resistência elétrica são amplamente utilizados em vários tipos de aeronaves e seu princípio de funcionamento baseia-se na variação da resistividade elétrica de um elemento resistor acoplado ao componente que se deseja medir a temperatura.

Utilizando um material para o elemento resistor, de coeficiente de temperatura 5∙10^-3 °C^-1, quando a temperatura do componente varia de 20 °C a θ, sua resistência elétrica aumenta, linearmente, para 1,6 do valor inicial.

Desprezando-se os efeitos de dilatação no elemento resistor, a temperatura θ, registrada pelo termômetro, indicada no painel da aeronave, em °F, vale

Uma barra cilíndrica e homogênea, de peso P, repousa parcialmente imersa em um tanque, com 75% de seu volume imerso, conforme ilustrado na figura abaixo.

Em seguida, por meio de um fio ideal, prende-se uma das extremidades desta barra ao teto, estabelecendo-se uma nova posição de equilíbrio.

Dentre as alternativas abaixo, a figura que melhor representa essa nova posição de equilíbrio, bem como a intensidade da tensão no fio, é

Uma máquina térmica, cuja substância de trabalho é 1 mol de um gás ideal monoatômico, opera segundo o ciclo definido pelo diagrama pressão (p) por volume (V), conforme mostrado no diagrama abaixo.

Sendo os processos AB e CD reversíveis e adiabáticos, pode-se afirmar corretamente que o rendimento dessa máquina é igual a

Uma partícula, em movimento circular uniformemente variado, descreve uma trajetória circular e mantém-se ligada ao ponto central 0, por um fio ideal, conforme figura a seguir.

Após realizar \( \dfrac{1}{4} \) de volta, sua velocidade é o dobro da velocidade inicial. Já o tempo para completar 1 volta foi de 3 vezes o tempo necessário para atingir \( \dfrac{1}{4} \) de volta.

Durante esse movimento, a tração no fio sobre a partícula foi a única força a atuar na direção radial, sendo no início seu valor T₀ e após 1 volta seu valor T_f . Nessas condições, a razão, \( \dfrac{T_f}{T_0} \) , entre as trações final e inicial, vale

TEXT I

Alexa, What Is There to Know about Love?

Brian Bilston

Alexa, what is there to know about love?

What is there to know about love?

A glove is a garment that covers the hand

for protection from the cold or dirt and –

5

Alexa, how does a human heart work?

How does a human heart work?

Blood is first received in the right atrium via

two veins, the vena cava superior and inferior –

10

Alexa, where do we go to when we die?

Where do we go to when we die?

Activating Google Maps. Completed activation.

Would you like to start from your current location?

15

Alexa, what does it mean to be alone?

What does it mean to be alone?

It is the silence left by words unsaid,

the cold expanse of half a bed.

20 It is the endless stretching of the hours,

the needless tending of plastic flowers.

It is an echo unanswered in a cave,

the fateful ping of the microwave.

It is the fraying of a worn shirt cuff,

25 and the howl – Stop, Alexa. That’s enough.

Available on: https://brianbilston.com/2018/07/23/alexa-what-is-there-toknow-about-love/. Accessed on February 24th, 2025

TEXT II

AI won’t take your job if you know about IA

Intelligence augmentation shows that human + AI is an ideal partnership – and the future of white-collar work

The less exciting but more likely reality is that the

changes AI brings to the workplace will entail upskilling —

when workers learn new skills — not reskilling or complete

replacement. And upskilling is not about surrendering to AI

5 but instead about mastering intelligence augmentation, or

IA, which is what happens when humans and AI work

together to accomplish more as a team than either could

flying solo. That collaboration is based on the distinction

between two concepts: reckoning and judgment.

10

Reckoning vs. Judgment

A critical difference between AI and humans is our

primary mode of operation. AI operates through what is

15 often referred to as “reckoning,” such as calculative

prediction. By that, we mean AI’s true capabilities are

grounded in facts and historical knowledge - data that can

be calculated, memorized, and repeated. It makes

predictions based on what it knows.

20 By contrast, humans operate through judgment or

practical wisdom. We understand things AI can’t possibly

know. That’s because we humans have lived experiences

that continually inform how we see the world. It’s the

intangible factors, like ethical considerations and

25 empathetic responses, that make humans better equipped

than AI to make complex decisions about human affairs.

This practical wisdom is one reason humans must

keep creating new things for IA to advance. Imagine

what would happen if humans stopped writing original content.

30 The current model of AI could never pass a certain point

because it would never encounter new, innovative ideas.

Eventually, AI would run out of new ideas to share, and our

collective knowledge would stagnate. AI is like moonlight;

its ideas come from the reflected sunlight of human insights.

35 Now, it’s essential to recognize that this contrast

between AI and humans is nothing to fear. Instead, it shows

us why “human + AI” is an ideal work partnership. AI can

perform massive calculations in the blink of an eye at a pace

far superior to even the most intelligent human on the

40 planet. When paired with a human capable of making quick

decisions based on lived experience, judgment, and

practical wisdom, it’s an immensely more powerful tool than

it is on its own.

Adapted from MCCOOL, Chris Dede and David. AI Won’t Take Your Job if You Know About IA. Harvard Graduate School of Education. Available on: https://www.gse.harvard.edu/ideas/news/24/02/ai-wont-take-your-job-ifyou-know-about-ai. Accessed on March 10 th, 2025.

TEXT III

Good Tickle Brain. The A.I. Authorship Question. Available on: https://goodticklebrain. com/home/2023/3/31/the-ai-authorship-question. Accessed on March 20th, 2025.

TEXT IV

Algorithmic Romance: The Bittersweet ‘Love Affair’ Between Humanity and AI

As we move forward, we must remember that AI is not a

panacea, nor is it an inevitable force that we are powerless

to shape. It is a product of human ingenuity and creativity,

and it is up to us to ensure that it is used in ways that benefit

5 all of humanity. This will require a collective effort, a coming

together of diverse perspectives and expertise, and a

willingness to have difficult conversations about the kind of

future we want to create. It will take scientists, artists,

writers, philosophers, neuroscientists and psychologists.

10

Our relationship with AI is a story that is still being written.

It’s a tale of love, fear, and the messy, beautiful complexities

of human existence. It’s a journey of self-discovery, of

grappling with existential questions about what it means to

15 be human in a world increasingly shaped by intelligent

machines. And like any good love story, it’s one that keeps

us on the edge of our seats, eagerly anticipating the next

chapter. This metaphorical ‘love story’ is a reminder that we

have the power to shape our own destiny, to create a world

20 in which technology serves humanity, not the other way

around. It is a challenge to be bold, to be creative, and to

never stop asking the hard questions. For in the end, it is

not the machines that will define us, but the choices we

make and the values we uphold.

Adapted from HUTCHINS, Bob. Algorithmic Romance: The Bittersweet 'Love Affair' Between Humanity and AI. The human voice bridgin silicon and soul. Available on: https://bobhutchins.substack.com/p/algorithmicromance-the-bittersweet?utm_campaign=post&utm_medium=web. Accessed on March 10th, 2025.

Directions: Read texts I to IV and answer question 48.

Decide if the sentences are true (T) or false (F).

I. All four of them are sarcastic and critical. ( )

II. All of them acclaimed the use of AI at work. ( )

III. The texts explore AI´s role in replacing human relationships. ( )

IV. Texts III and IV depict consequences of Human-AI collaboration. ( )

V. Texts II and IV have overlapping ideas when it comes to responsible use of AI. ( )

Now, mark the right alternative.

The “love story” metaphor ( l. 18) is primarily used to illustrate

The call for a “collective effort” ( l . 5) implies that the challenges posed by AI require

The author’s assertion that AI is not a “panacea” serves to emphasize that