In the book titled Literacies by Mary Kalantzis and Bill Cope, the authors mention the roles of teachers and students facing the challenges of reading in a technological environment. According to the authors, “Communication is rapidly changing. With the rise of new technologies and media, the way we make and transmit meaning is shifting significantly”. For this reason the profile of students have changed considerably from passive actors in the reading and interpreting information to more active meaning-makers, considering the various forms of access to information. New media environment “focuses not only on reading and writing, but also on other modes of communication, including oral, visual, audio, gestural and spatial”.

Below you will find a list of actions related to reading and interpreting texts both in the new and old environments. Read the actions and decide which action relates to which kind of environment. Then choose the correct alternative that corresponds to the right choice.

1. Appreciating texts of prestige ‘literary’ value must be the rule for right interpretation.

2. Innovations, risk-taking and diversity in meaning-making are aspects to be regarded by teachers.

3. It must be considered that a wide and diverse range of texts exists and should be valued.

4. Reading means decoding messages transmitted by written texts.

5. Teaching students to read means dealing solely with canonic British and American production.

6. The fundamentals of literacy should be understanding messages beyond messages.

7. The many social languages and variations in communication must be considered.

8. There are multiple forms of reading a word in multimodal communication.

9. Understanding and using correct spelling and grammar is good communication.

10. We should read only standard, educated English used in homogeneous situations.

KALANTZIS, Mary; COPE, Bill. Literacies. Melbourne: CUP, 2012, p.19. (Adapted).