The question refers to Text 01. Mark only one answer.

Text 01 – Language Variation.

From their school days most speakers of English retain a rather monolithic concept of what English is. We are taught that there is a “proper English” or “Standard English” which is correct, “good”, and more or less fixed, somewhat like mathematics. A grammar book informs us on how to build its sentences, and we look up the words of the language in a dictionary. These books, and our teachers, tell us what is “right” in language matters, and what we should strive for, and everything else, including, we suspect, some of our own performance, is somehow “wrong”, deviant.

However, from the perspective of how language really works such a mindset is erroneous – as we may have suspected when we observe what people really do with language. People just talk differently, depending on who they are, where they come from, perhaps whether they are educated or not, and probably even how they feel in a given situation (whether they are at ease or wish to impress somebody). And despite these differences we usually understand each other well enough (and if not we can ask back). Speakers adjust their behavior to the needs of the situation, and manipulate it with considerable skill. What counts is only that the speaker and the hearer share knowledge, subconsciously, on how the message, on how the message intended was encoded and is to be decoded.

From: English Around the World (Cambridge Introductions to the English Language). p.16 (topic 2.1) Kindle Book. At: https://ler.amazon.com.br/?asin=B088TFZHRD&ref_=dbs_t_r_kcr

The question refers to Text 01. Mark only one answer.

Text 01 – Language Variation.

From their school days most speakers of English retain a rather monolithic concept of what English is. We are taught that there is a “proper English” or “Standard English” which is correct, “good”, and more or less fixed, somewhat like mathematics. A grammar book informs us on how to build its sentences, and we look up the words of the language in a dictionary. These books, and our teachers, tell us what is “right” in language matters, and what we should strive for, and everything else, including, we suspect, some of our own performance, is somehow “wrong”, deviant.

However, from the perspective of how language really works such a mindset is erroneous – as we may have suspected when we observe what people really do with language. People just talk differently, depending on who they are, where they come from, perhaps whether they are educated or not, and probably even how they feel in a given situation (whether they are at ease or wish to impress somebody). And despite these differences we usually understand each other well enough (and if not we can ask back). Speakers adjust their behavior to the needs of the situation, and manipulate it with considerable skill. What counts is only that the speaker and the hearer share knowledge, subconsciously, on how the message, on how the message intended was encoded and is to be decoded.

From: English Around the World (Cambridge Introductions to the English Language). p.16 (topic 2.1) Kindle Book. At: https://ler.amazon.com.br/?asin=B088TFZHRD&ref_=dbs_t_r_kcr