Questões do Concurso SEDUC-AL - CESPE / CEBRASPE

2136855 Ano: 2022
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: SEDUC-AL

Provas:

Professor - Inglês
Provas ×

Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension
Ensino da Língua Estrangeira Inglesa

The role of pronunciation in non-native language teaching has been in a state of constant change. In the earlier approaches, foreign language pronunciation was either the result of exposure to the target language or of approaches which used complex sets of drills and repetitions. As suggested, to a large extent, the importance of pronunciation has always been determined by ideology and intuition rather than by research. Teachers have intuitively decided which features have the greatest effect on clarity and which are learnable in a classroom setting. Saito claims that while the morphological and syntactical levels of languages are taught in contextualized meaningful exercises, pronunciation practice is decontextualized due to the use of drills and repetition.

Pronunciation is one of the aspects of language both native and non-native teachers of English are not keen on teaching, and a lack of adequate teacher training results in an intuitive use of available materials and techniques. Setting pedagogical goals must be based on knowledge of pronunciation issues. Unqualified teachers may have misconceptions about phonological phenomena, cannot evaluate or use teaching materials accurately, and do not set realistic goals when teaching pronunciation. Furthermore, even teaching materials do not reflect the conclusions of current research, and they can be perceived as boring; however, Baker argues that teachers who complete a pronunciation course have, and apply, a wider range of pronunciation activities in their classrooms.

H. Vančová. Current Issues in Pronunciation Teaching to Non-Native Learners of English.

In: Journal of Language and Cultural Education, Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2019 (adapted).

Based on the text above, judge the following item.

According to the text, non-native language teachers are unable to assess teaching materials well.

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas

2136854 Ano: 2022
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: SEDUC-AL

Provas:

Professor - Inglês
Provas ×

Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Teachers sometimes assume that more outgoing learners will be able to learn pronunciation better than shyer students, and there may be some truth to this. Confident students might speak more and be more willing to try new sounds, and this extra practice could help them improve their pronunciation. However, this improvement is certainly not guaranteed. Some outgoing students may be producing a lot of language, but they may also be jumping ahead without paying attention to the accuracy of their pronunciation. If listeners are impressed by their fluency and accept their imperfect pronunciation, they have no way to know that they need to improve.

Some more introverted students might actually be thinking carefully about sounds and practicing “within themselves,” even if they don’t speak much in class. Don’t underestimate the quiet students. Appreciate the strengths and possibilities of all your students and encourage everyone. All students can learn and improve in their own way.

Another aspect of personality that can affect pronunciation is the degree to which a person is willing or able to change the way they sound. Most of us have been speaking and listening to language in the same, familiar way since we learned to talk. Our voice and our pronunciation are a central part of the way we see ourselves. It can be uncomfortable, and possibly even frightening, to try out unfamiliar sounds and melodies of language. For some people this process seems like a small bump on the road, but for others, it’s a serious roadblock.

M.T. Yoshida. Beyond Repeat After Me: Teaching Pronunciation to

English Learners. Alexandria: TESOL Press, 2016 (adapted).

Based on the text above, judge the following item.

It can be inferred from the text that our identity is partly tied to the way we speak.

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas

2136853 Ano: 2022
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: SEDUC-AL

Provas:

Professor - Inglês
Provas ×

Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Whatever training is given there should always be a permanent concern about the naturalness and spontaneity of everyday speech rather than an artificial sound production for the sake of preserving a “correct” pronunciation.

This is, in fact, a crucial issue, since if too much care is demanded from the student, this may turn out to be an undesirable blockage to another more important factor, namely, fluency. Perhaps, and even worse, if over-careful pronunciation habits are developed, this will certainly cause difficulties for the oral comprehension, as the students will expect to hear sounds, words and utterances the way they personally produce them.

G.A. Chauvet. Improve Your Pronunciation. Brasília:

Editora Universidade de Brasília, 2005 (adapted).

Based on the previous text, judge the following item.

According to the text, excessive demands with regard to pronunciation can inhibit fluency.

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas

2136852 Ano: 2022
Disciplina: Inglês (Língua Inglesa)
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: SEDUC-AL

Provas:

Professor - Inglês
Provas ×

Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

General observation suggests that it is those who start to learn English after their school years who are most likely to have serious difficulties in acquiring intelligible pronunciation, with the degree of difficulty increasing markedly with age. This difficulty has nothing to do with intelligence or level of education, or even with knowledge of English grammar and vocabulary.

Of course, there is no simple answer to why pronunciation is so difficult to learn — indeed, there is a whole range of theoretical perspectives on the question. What is generally accepted among psycholinguists and phonologists who specialized in this area is that the difficulty in learning to pronounce a foreign language is cognitive rather than physical, and that it has something to do with the way “raw sound” is categorized or conceptualized in using speech.

Many learners of English as a second language have major difficulties with English pronunciation even after years of learning the language. This often results in them facing difficulties in areas such as finding employment. Up to a certain proficiency standard, the fault which most severely impairs the communication process in EFL/ESL learners is pronunciation, not vocabulary or grammar.

A. Gilakjani and M. Ahmadi. Why is Pronunciation So Difficult to Learn? In: English Language Teaching, Vol. 4, No. 3. Richmond Hill: Canadian Center of Science and Education, 2011 (adapted).

Based on the text above, judge the following item.

Pronunciation plays a greater role in limiting communication for EFL/ESL speakers than other aspects of language.

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas

2136851 Ano: 2022
Disciplina: Matemática
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: SEDUC-AL

Provas:

Professor - Matemática
Provas ×

ConjuntosConjuntos NuméricosComplexos/Imaginários

Acerca das operações com números reais e suas propriedades, julgue o item a seguir.

Se a e b são números reais que satisfazem a < b < 0, então é correto concluir que 1/a< 1/b < 0 e que a² > b² > 0.

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas

2136850 Ano: 2022
Disciplina: Matemática
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: SEDUC-AL

Provas:

Professor - Matemática
Provas ×

GeometriaGeometria PlanaÁreas e Perímetros

Julgue o item subsequente, relativo a geometria.

Se, na figura a seguir, o retângulo ABCD tiver área igual a 21 m² , então, o triângulo DEC tem área igual a 7m² .

enunciado 1291439-1

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas

2136849 Ano: 2022
Disciplina: Matemática
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: SEDUC-AL

Provas:

Professor - Matemática
Provas ×

GeometriaGeometria PlanaTriângulosTriângulos RetângulosRelações Métricas no Triângulo Retângulo

Julgue o item a seguir, relativo à trigonometria do triângulo retângulo.

A distância entre os pontos A e B na figura seguinte é maior que 10 cm.

enunciado 1291437-1

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas

2136848 Ano: 2022
Disciplina: Matemática
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: SEDUC-AL

Provas:

Professor - Matemática
Provas ×

GeometriaGeometria PlanaÁreas e Perímetros

Julgue o item a seguir, relativo à trigonometria do triângulo retângulo.

Se, na figura a seguir, o retângulo ABCD tiver área igual a 72 cm² e tg(α) = 8, então o comprimento do lado AB é igual a 9.

enunciado 1291436-1

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas

2136847 Ano: 2022
Disciplina: Matemática
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: SEDUC-AL

Provas:

Professor - Matemática
Provas ×

ProbabilidadesProbabilidade CondicionalTeorema de Bayes

Cada um do próximo item apresenta uma situação hipotética a ser julgada, acerca de problemas matemáticos envolvendo situações em uma escola.

O professor de biologia leva uma turma de alunos para uma viagem de pesquisa. A manhã do dia de saída para a viagem encontra-se nublada no destino da viagem, e sabe-se que manhãs nubladas acontecem em 40% dos dias ali. Além disso, nesse local, 50% dos dias em que chove começam nublados, contudo, no mês em que acontece a viagem, costuma chover pouco — exatamente 20% dos dias são chuvosos. Nessa situação hipotética, a chance de chover durante o dia da viagem é de 12,5%.

Provas

Questão presente nas seguintes provas

2136846 Ano: 2022
Disciplina: Matemática
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Orgão: SEDUC-AL

Provas:

Professor - Matemática
Provas ×

Análise CombinatóriaLemas de Kaplansky

Cada um do próximo item apresenta uma situação hipotética a ser julgada, acerca de problemas matemáticos envolvendo situações em uma escola.

Em 5 cadeiras de um auditório, só podem sentar professores e alunos, de tal forma que 2 alunos não podem sentar-se juntos, para se evitar conversa. Nessa situação hipotética, há exatamente 9 possibilidades diferentes de 5 pessoas, entre professores e alunos, sentarem-se nas 5 cadeiras.