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Read the text below and choose the correct option in question.
Text 4
Why Ship Groundings Matter in Maritime Operations
Ship groundings are more than just embarrassing mishaps; they are high-risk events with far-reaching consequences. According to the International Union of Marine Insurance (IUMI), groundings account for nearly 30% of all hull and machinery claims. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) and port authorities have ramped up pressure on shipping companies to adopt safer navigation protocols, especially in confined and congested waters.
Moreover, groundings often lead to significant environmental consequences. The 2002 grounding of the Prestige oil tanker off the coast of Spain spilled over 60,000 tonnes of oil, affecting over 1,000 km of shoreline. The cost? Billions in cleanup, legal penalties, and reputational damage. In this context, understanding and mitigating grounding risks is a shared responsibility between mariners, shipping companies, regulators, and technology developers.
Which option correctly completes the blank below?
The sentence “The International Maritime Organization (IMO) and port authorities have ramped up pressure on shipping companies […]” means that these bodies on maritime operators.
Provas
Read the text below and choose the correct option in question.
Text 3
Time to reinvent the lifeboat?
Members of the Container Ship Safety Forum (CSSF) have issued a call for a fundamental rethink of the design of lifeboats and lifeboat launching mechanisms on cargo ships. For too long, the focus has been on training and compliance, rather than rethinking the process to eliminate the risk at source.
‘We need to reinvent the lifeboat and its launching equipment onboard cargo vessels. For way too long, we have seen able seafarers being injured when launching lifeboats even though crews have been trained and the lifeboat is modern and fully compliant’, said Aslak Ross, Chairman of the CSSF. ‘Everyone knows we have a problem; seafarers are scared to launch lifeboats; however, no one has offered a plausible path towards a solution to the problem for cargo vessels. A change is needed to provide a safe environment for seafarers and to regain trust in lifesaving equipment’.
In 2017, the UK Chamber of Shipping issued an article ‘Lifeboat drills: We need to save lives, not lose them’ in which they identified 60 fatalities during testing of lifeboats over a 10-year period. ‘Simulation and use of new technology are ways to conduct drills in a safer environment, and we support the intent to reduce the risk of accidents, however, it does not solve the core of the problem: Launching a lifeboat is too dangerous. And even though simulation has its advantages, it should only be used as a supplement to well-conducted onboard abandon ship drills where crews are familiarised with the ship specific equipment’, said Ross. Alternative designs are already available for offshore installations and for passenger evacuation on PAX vessels through Marine Evacuation Systems (MES) and the like, he pointed out. ‘Such systems should also be made available to cargo vessels without delay. It is long overdue to change the current environment and innovate to eliminate the risk of lifeboat accidents. We need approved systems that can be fitted to new buildings – we need to safeguard our seafarers’, Ross concludes.
In the sentence “It is long overdue to change the current environment and innovate to eliminate the risk of lifeboat accidents”, the phrase in bold is closest in meaning to:
Provas
Read the text below and choose the correct option in question.
Text 3
Time to reinvent the lifeboat?
Members of the Container Ship Safety Forum (CSSF) have issued a call for a fundamental rethink of the design of lifeboats and lifeboat launching mechanisms on cargo ships. For too long, the focus has been on training and compliance, rather than rethinking the process to eliminate the risk at source.
‘We need to reinvent the lifeboat and its launching equipment onboard cargo vessels. For way too long, we have seen able seafarers being injured when launching lifeboats even though crews have been trained and the lifeboat is modern and fully compliant’, said Aslak Ross, Chairman of the CSSF. ‘Everyone knows we have a problem; seafarers are scared to launch lifeboats; however, no one has offered a plausible path towards a solution to the problem for cargo vessels. A change is needed to provide a safe environment for seafarers and to regain trust in lifesaving equipment’.
In 2017, the UK Chamber of Shipping issued an article ‘Lifeboat drills: We need to save lives, not lose them’ in which they identified 60 fatalities during testing of lifeboats over a 10-year period. ‘Simulation and use of new technology are ways to conduct drills in a safer environment, and we support the intent to reduce the risk of accidents, however, it does not solve the core of the problem: Launching a lifeboat is too dangerous. And even though simulation has its advantages, it should only be used as a supplement to well-conducted onboard abandon ship drills where crews are familiarised with the ship specific equipment’, said Ross. Alternative designs are already available for offshore installations and for passenger evacuation on PAX vessels through Marine Evacuation Systems (MES) and the like, he pointed out. ‘Such systems should also be made available to cargo vessels without delay. It is long overdue to change the current environment and innovate to eliminate the risk of lifeboat accidents. We need approved systems that can be fitted to new buildings – we need to safeguard our seafarers’, Ross concludes.
According to the text, it is correct to say that
Provas
Read the text below and choose the correct option in question.
Text 3
Time to reinvent the lifeboat?
Members of the Container Ship Safety Forum (CSSF) have issued a call for a fundamental rethink of the design of lifeboats and lifeboat launching mechanisms on cargo ships. For too long, the focus has been on training and compliance, rather than rethinking the process to eliminate the risk at source.
‘We need to reinvent the lifeboat and its launching equipment onboard cargo vessels. For way too long, we have seen able seafarers being injured when launching lifeboats even though crews have been trained and the lifeboat is modern and fully compliant’, said Aslak Ross, Chairman of the CSSF. ‘Everyone knows we have a problem; seafarers are scared to launch lifeboats; however, no one has offered a plausible path towards a solution to the problem for cargo vessels. A change is needed to provide a safe environment for seafarers and to regain trust in lifesaving equipment’.
In 2017, the UK Chamber of Shipping issued an article ‘Lifeboat drills: We need to save lives, not lose them’ in which they identified 60 fatalities during testing of lifeboats over a 10-year period. ‘Simulation and use of new technology are ways to conduct drills in a safer environment, and we support the intent to reduce the risk of accidents, however, it does not solve the core of the problem: Launching a lifeboat is too dangerous. And even though simulation has its advantages, it should only be used as a supplement to well-conducted onboard abandon ship drills where crews are familiarised with the ship specific equipment’, said Ross. Alternative designs are already available for offshore installations and for passenger evacuation on PAX vessels through Marine Evacuation Systems (MES) and the like, he pointed out. ‘Such systems should also be made available to cargo vessels without delay. It is long overdue to change the current environment and innovate to eliminate the risk of lifeboat accidents. We need approved systems that can be fitted to new buildings – we need to safeguard our seafarers’, Ross concludes.
In the sentence “‘Simulation and use of new technology are ways to conduct drills in a safer environment […]’”, the word in bold is an adjective in the comparative form. Choose the option in which the comparative form of the adjective is correctly used.
Provas
Mark the option which corresponds to the correct sentences.
I- Don’t get her talking about her weaknesses.
II- You have made me be a joyful person.
III- I saw the magazine lying on the floor.
IV- They built a factory on the outskirts of London.
V- Here are the news: They are all good!
VI- See if you can get the lorry to start.
Provas
Lifeboat is a boat carried by a ship I- use in emergency. A conventional lifeboat is secured II- gravity davits, which enables the boat to be launched III- the ship’s side without any mechanical assistance. A better way to save lives in the event of a ship sinking is to provide ships with free-fall lifeboats. The benefits are clear during rapid evacuation, the boat slides IV- V- a ramp onboard the ship and hits the water well away from the ship VI- a high positive forward motion.
Mark the option with the correct sequence to complete the previous passage. The blank spaces indicate that no preposition is used.
Provas
Read the text below and choose the correct option for the question.
Text 2
Bulker Damaged in Grounding Refloated and Moved Ahead of Typhoon
Vietnamese officials report efforts are underway to secure a larger dry bulk carrier that was damaged in a grounding a week ago. The goal is to secure the vessel ahead of a strong approaching typhoon.
The Star Bueno (178,978 dwt) was arriving from South Africa, carrying a load of iron ore and waiting for its berth on October 25. The area was overtaken by a strong monsoon with winds and waves which washed through the anchorage. The vessel dragged anchor and, even with its engines fully engaged, was unable to hold its position. By October 26, the vessel was reported to be aground with water ingress into portions of the hull.
The Vietnamese authorities arranged for tugs to assist the large bulker. They were also surveying to determine the level of damage to the hull. The 22 crewmembers, from the Philippines and Ukraine, were reported to be safe and uninjured.
Despite severe weather conditions, the crew was able to stabilize the vessel. Using portable pumps, they were able to begin dewatering the sections of the hull, and by October 29, they had succeeded in refloating the vessel.
Check if the statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F) about the text. Then, mark the correct alternative.
1. The vessel was hard-fast.
2. The ship held steady against the current and wind.
3. Attempts to lash down the Star Bueno were brushed aside.
4. Waves surged across the roadstead.
5. The anchor was used to put the ship back afloat.
6. The accident exacted a human toll.
7. Towage assets were deployed for the bulk carrier.
8. The weather was foul.
Provas
Read the text below and choose the correct option for the question.
Text 2
Bulker Damaged in Grounding Refloated and Moved Ahead of Typhoon
Vietnamese officials report efforts are underway to secure a larger dry bulk carrier that was damaged in a grounding a week ago. The goal is to secure the vessel ahead of a strong approaching typhoon.
The Star Bueno (178,978 dwt) was arriving from South Africa, carrying a load of iron ore and waiting for its berth on October 25. The area was overtaken by a strong monsoon with winds and waves which washed through the anchorage. The vessel dragged anchor and, even with its engines fully engaged, was unable to hold its position. By October 26, the vessel was reported to be aground with water ingress into portions of the hull.
The Vietnamese authorities arranged for tugs to assist the large bulker. They were also surveying to determine the level of damage to the hull. The 22 crewmembers, from the Philippines and Ukraine, were reported to be safe and uninjured.
Despite severe weather conditions, the crew was able to stabilize the vessel. Using portable pumps, they were able to begin dewatering the sections of the hull, and by October 29, they had succeeded in refloating the vessel.
In paragraph 2, the sentence “The vessel dragged anchor and, even with its engines fully engaged, was unable to hold in position [...]’’ means that
Provas
Read the text below and choose the correct option for the question.
Text 1
Superyachts: professionalism, manpower and training
There is a large regulatory difference between commercial and privately operated yachts. Budgets vary considerably even between similar sized yachts, which not only impacts salaries but also the safety emphasis on equipment and crew training. Employment across a fleet is rare, which tends to lead to limited promotion prospects. Even on the same yacht, employment patterns can vary between short seasonal jobs and permanent long periods. Low job security/high crew turnover is more typical than not, and in these cases operational knowledge is often lost.
Crew hiring decisions are generally made by the Captain, with the owner/management involved only for more senior positions. While there are a number of specialized yacht crew placement agencies, very few are staffed by Human Resources (HR) trained professionals. A large number of yacht positions are now advertised on the internet, potentially by-passing crew agencies, and competition for places is fierce. There is little ethnic and cultural diversity in yacht crews compared with general shipping.
Based on the text, it is correct to say that
Provas
Read the text below and choose the correct option for the question.
Text 1
Superyachts: professionalism, manpower and training
There is a large regulatory difference between commercial and privately operated yachts. Budgets vary considerably even between similar sized yachts, which not only impacts salaries but also the safety emphasis on equipment and crew training. Employment across a fleet is rare, which tends to lead to limited promotion prospects. Even on the same yacht, employment patterns can vary between short seasonal jobs and permanent long periods. Low job security/high crew turnover is more typical than not, and in these cases operational knowledge is often lost.
Crew hiring decisions are generally made by the Captain, with the owner/management involved only for more senior positions. While there are a number of specialized yacht crew placement agencies, very few are staffed by Human Resources (HR) trained professionals. A large number of yacht positions are now advertised on the internet, potentially by-passing crew agencies, and competition for places is fierce. There is little ethnic and cultural diversity in yacht crews compared with general shipping.
According to the text, “A large number of yacht positions are now advertised on the internet, potentially by-passing crew agencies, and competition for places is fierce.” Choose the option that correctly explains the phrase in bold.
Provas
Caderno Container